Let's carefully analyze what happens when water ([tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]) freezes into ice:
1. Identity of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]:
- When water transitions from liquid to solid form (freezes), the molecules of [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] remain the same. The chemical composition does not change; it's still [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex], whether in liquid or solid state. Therefore, the identity of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] molecules stays the same.
2. Energy of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]:
- Freezing is an exothermic process where water loses energy as it turns into ice. In the process of freezing, the molecules release energy. Thus, the energy content of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] changes.
3. Arrangement of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]:
- In liquid water, the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] molecules are more randomly arranged and can move past one another. As water freezes, the molecules of [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] arrange themselves into a more structured and orderly crystalline lattice. So, the arrangement of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] molecules changes.
4. Property of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]:
- The properties of water and ice are different. For example, liquid water has a specific density, is fluid, and has different thermal properties compared to ice (solid [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]). Therefore, the properties of [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] change with the transition from liquid to solid state.
Given these observations, the answers can be summarized as follows:
- The identity of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] remains the same. (1)
- The energy of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] changes. (0)
- The arrangement of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] changes. (0)
- The properties of the [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] change. (0)
Thus, the final conclusion is:
[tex]\[
(1, 0, 0, 0)
\][/tex]
This means the identity of [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] stays the same, while the energy, arrangement, and properties of [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] change when it freezes into ice.
