During the Progressive Era, reform efforts were led by middle-class women and men, not working-class women.
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The reform efforts during the Progressive Era were primarily led by middle-class women and men. These reformers aimed to address social imbalances without inciting revolution and sought governmental regulation to promote efficiency and stability in industrial America. While working-class women were involved in grassroots movements and local initiatives, the leadership roles within reform organizations were predominantly held by middle-class individuals.