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Hans observed properties of four different waves and recorded observations about each one in his chart.

\begin{tabular}{|c|l|}
\hline Wave & \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{ Observations } \\
\hline W & \begin{tabular}{l}
scatters through a small \\
opening to form a ray of light
\end{tabular} \\
\hline X & \begin{tabular}{l}
changes direction off a mirror \\
or through a crystal
\end{tabular} \\
\hline Y & \\
\hline Z & \begin{tabular}{l}
bends as it passes through \\
an object
\end{tabular} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

Which statement is best supported by the table?

A. Wave [tex]$W$[/tex] is being reflected, Wave [tex]$X$[/tex] is being refracted, and waves [tex]$Y$[/tex] and [tex]$Z$[/tex] are being diffracted.

B. Wave [tex]$X$[/tex] is being diffracted, Wave [tex]$Z$[/tex] is being reflected, and waves [tex]$Y$[/tex] and [tex]$W$[/tex] are being refracted.

C. Wave [tex]$X$[/tex] is being reflected, Wave [tex]$Z$[/tex] is being refracted, and waves [tex]$Y$[/tex] and [tex]$W$[/tex] are being diffracted.

D. Wave [tex]$W$[/tex] is being diffracted, Wave [tex]$X$[/tex] is being reflected, and waves [tex]$Y$[/tex] and [tex]$Z$[/tex] are being refracted.



Answer :

GinnyAnswer
Let's analyze the observations for each wave step by step.

1. Wave W:
- Observation: "Scatters through a small opening to form a ray of light."
- This phenomenon, where a wave spreads out after passing through a small opening, is known as diffraction.

2. Wave X:
- Observation: "Changes off a mirror through a crystal."
- When a wave changes direction as it bounces off a mirror, this behavior is known as reflection.

3. Wave Y:
- Observation: "Passes."
- The description "passes" alone is not very specific. It could mean the wave is transmitted through a medium or it could be partially refracted if there is a change in medium. Lacking specificity, the most likely interpretation here is refraction to match with the other descriptions provided.

4. Wave Z:
- Observation: "Bends as it passes through an object."
- When a wave bends due to a change in its speed as it enters a different medium, this behavior is known as refraction.

Now, let's match these phenomena with the statements provided:

- Option 1:
- Wave W is being reflected, Wave X is being refracted, and waves Y and Z are being diffracted.
- Incorrect: Wave W is undergoing diffraction, not reflection. Wave X is undergoing reflection, not refraction. Wave Z is refracted, not diffracted.

- Option 2:
- Wave X is being diffracted, Wave Z is being reflected, and waves Y and W are being refracted.
- Incorrect: Wave X is reflecting, not diffracting. Wave Z is refracting, not reflecting. Wave W is diffracting, not refracting.

- Option 3:
- Wave X is being reflected, Wave Z is being refracted, and waves Y and W are being diffracted.
- Incorrect: Wave Y's description could suggest refraction or transmission but does not fit diffraction. Wave W is correctly stated as diffracted here but other aspects mismatch.

- Option 4:
- Wave W is being diffracted, Wave X is being reflected, and waves Y and Z are being refracted.
- Correct: This matches our analysis. Wave W is diffracted, Wave X is reflected, and both Y and Z are interpreted as refracted.

Therefore, the best-supported statement by the observations in the table is:

Wave W is being diffracted, Wave X is being reflected, and waves Y and Z are being refracted.

The correct answer is:
Option 4