To determine which substances will solidify before the temperature reaches \(0^{\circ}C\), we need to consider their freezing points. A substance will solidify (turn into a solid) when the temperature is at or below its freezing point.
Here are the given freezing points:
- Benzene: \(5.50^{\circ}C\)
- Water: \(0.00^{\circ}C\)
- Butane: \(-138^{\circ}C\)
- Nitrogen: \(-210^{\circ}C\)
We'll analyze each substance to see if its freezing point is below \(0^{\circ}C\):
1. Benzene has a freezing point of \(5.50^{\circ}C\). Since \(5.50^{\circ}C\) is above \(0^{\circ}C\), benzene will not solidify before the temperature reaches \(0^{\circ}C\).
2. Water has a freezing point of \(0.00^{\circ}C\). Since \(0.00^{\circ}C\) is exactly at the freezing point of water, it will start to solidify at \(0^{\circ}C\), but not before it reaches \(0^{\circ}C\).
3. Butane has a freezing point of \(-138^{\circ}C\). Given that \(-138^{\circ}C\) is significantly below \(0^{\circ}C\), butane will solidify before the temperature reaches \(0^{\circ}C\).
4. Nitrogen has a freezing point of \(-210^{\circ}C\). Since \(-210^{\circ}C\) is much below \(0^{\circ}C\), nitrogen will also solidify before the temperature reaches \(0^{\circ}C\).
Therefore, the substances that will solidify before the temperature reaches \(0^{\circ}C\) are:
- Butane
- Nitrogen
Thus, the substances that will solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]\(0^{\circ}C\)[/tex] are butane and nitrogen.
