Answer :
Final answer:
The critical spirit of the Enlightenment era challenged traditional beliefs, promoting reason and individualism. Enlightenment ideals included liberty, equality, and progress, leading to societal transformation during the French Revolution.
Explanation:
The Enlightenment era was characterized by a critical spirit that questioned traditional beliefs and institutions. This critical spirit was integral to Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesquieu, who challenged established authorities.
Ideals and attitudes promoted by Enlightenment thought included the belief in reason, individualism, liberty, equality, and progress. Enlightenment thinkers advocated for the separation of church and state, the application of scientific reasoning to society, and the promotion of education.
The French Revolution served as a practical and dramatic outcome of the Enlightenment ideals. It was not merely a political revolution but a societal transformation that aimed at restructuring social order, promoting freedom, justice, and a new social hierarchy based on merit rather than birth.
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