Density-dependent and density-independent factors impact populations differently based on their biological or abiotic nature.
Density-dependent factors are biological factors that affect a population more as it grows, such as competition for resources like food or nesting sites. In contrast, density-independent factors are abiotic influences like natural disasters or pollution, which impact populations regardless of their size or density.
For example, in a growing bird population, competition for nesting sites (density-dependent) will increase as the population size grows, while a sudden frost damaging the available food sources (density-independent) would affect the population irrespective of its size.
Population dynamics are influenced by a complex interplay of both density-dependent and density-independent factors, with interactions impacting how populations respond to various environmental pressures.
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