Certainly! Let's carefully analyze each of the given electron configurations and determine the corresponding chemical element based on the positions in the periodic table.
1. \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 \):
- The configuration represents the first two energy levels being fully occupied (2 electrons in the 1s orbital, 2 electrons in the 2s orbital, and 6 electrons in the 2p orbitals).
- Summing these: \( 2 + 2 + 6 = 10 \) electrons.
- The element with atomic number 10 is Neon (Ne).
2. \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3 \):
- The configuration represents the first three energy levels, with the 3s orbital fully occupied and the 3p orbital having 3 electrons.
- Summing these: \( 2 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 3 = 15 \) electrons.
- The element with atomic number 15 is Phosphorus (P).
3. \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 \):
- The configuration indicates the first three energy levels are fully occupied, and there is 1 electron in the 4s orbital.
- Summing these: \( 2 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 6 + 1 = 19 \) electrons.
- The element with atomic number 19 is Potassium (K).
4. \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^8 \):
- This configuration represents the first four energy levels and the 3d orbital with 8 electrons.
- Summing these: \( 2 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 8 = 28 \) electrons.
- The element with atomic number 28 is Nickel (Ni).
5. \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^3 \):
- This configuration includes the first five levels, with a completely filled 4p orbital, and the 4d orbital containing 3 electrons.
- Summing these: \( 2 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 10 + 6 + 2 + 3 = 41 \) electrons.
- The element with atomic number 41 is Niobium (Nb).
So, the chemical symbols for the elements based on the given electron configurations are:
[tex]\[ \begin{array}{l}
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 \rightarrow \text{Ne} \\
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3 \rightarrow \text{P} \\
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 \rightarrow \text{K} \\
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^8 \rightarrow \text{Ni} \\
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^3 \rightarrow \text{Nb}
\end{array} \][/tex]
