Use the periodic table to identify the element indicated by each electron configuration by typing in the chemical symbol for the element.

[tex]1s^2 \ 2s^2 \ 2p^6: \ \square[/tex]

[tex]1s^2 \ 2s^2 \ 2p^6 \ 3s^2 \ 3p^3: \ \square[/tex]

[tex]1s^2 \ 2s^2 \ 2p^6 \ 3s^2 \ 3p^6 \ 4s^1: \ \square[/tex]

[tex]1s^2 \ 2s^2 \ 2p^6 \ 3s^2 \ 3p^6 \ 4s^2 \ 3d^8: \ \square[/tex]

[tex]1s^2 \ 2s^2 \ 2p^6 \ 3s^2 \ 3p^6 \ 4s^2 \ 3d^{10} \ 4p^6 \ 5s^2 \ 4d^3: \ \square[/tex]



Answer :

To identify the element indicated by each electron configuration, we can analyze each configuration and match it to the corresponding element:

1. Electron configuration: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6\)

This corresponds to the element Neon (Ne). Neon has a complete second shell with 2 electrons in the 1s subshell, 2 electrons in the 2s subshell, and 6 electrons in the 2p subshell.
Chemical symbol: \( \boxed{\text{Ne}} \)

2. Electron configuration: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3\)

This corresponds to the element Phosphorus (P). Phosphorus has a third shell configuration with 2 electrons in the 1s subshell, 2 electrons in the 2s subshell, 6 electrons in the 2p subshell, 2 electrons in the 3s subshell, and 3 electrons in the 3p subshell.
Chemical symbol: \( \boxed{\text{P}} \)

3. Electron configuration: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1\)

This corresponds to the element Potassium (K). Potassium has a complete third shell and starts filling the fourth shell with 1 electron in the 4s subshell.
Chemical symbol: \( \boxed{\text{K}} \)

4. Electron configuration: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^8\)

This corresponds to the element Nickel (Ni). Nickel has a filled 4s subshell and starts filling the 3d subshell with 8 electrons.
Chemical symbol: \( \boxed{\text{Ni}} \)

5. Electron configuration: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^3\)

This corresponds to the element Niobium (Nb). Niobium has a filled 4p subshell, and starts filling the 4d subshell with 3 electrons in addition to the 2 electrons in the 5s subshell.
Chemical symbol: \( \boxed{\text{Nb}} \)

So, the respective chemical symbols for the given electron configurations are:
[tex]\[ \begin{array}{l} 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6: \boxed{\text{Ne}} \\ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3: \boxed{\text{P}} \\ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1: \boxed{\text{K}} \\ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^8: \boxed{\text{Ni}} \\ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^3: \boxed{\text{Nb}} \end{array} \][/tex]