Graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are rejection processes in organ transplants triggered by the recipient's immune response against donor tissue, involving immune cells targeting foreign cells.
Graft rejection occurs when the recipient's immune system views the transplanted organ or tissue as foreign, triggering an immune response. This rejection process involves the recognition of non-self molecules by the host's dendritic cells, activating cytotoxic T cells that target and kill the grafted cells.
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a type of rejection where donor T cells from the transplanted tissue attack the recipient's cells, leading to acute GVHD. This is a significant concern in bone marrow transplants due to the immune response mounted by the transplanted tissue.
Major histocompatibility complex markers (MHC I and MHC II), also known as human leukocyte antigens (HLAs), play a crucial role in transplant rejection by triggering the recipient's immune response against the donor tissue.
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