In arithmetic, different terms are used to describe the numbers involved in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Below is a detailed explanation along with some example calculations:
### Addition
The numbers involved in addition are referred to as addends.
- Example: In the addition [tex]\(5 + 3\)[/tex]:
- The first number 5 is called the first addend.
- The second number 3 is called the second addend.
- The result [tex]\(5 + 3 = 8\)[/tex] is called the sum.
### Subtraction
The numbers in subtraction are known as the minuend and the subtrahend.
- Example: In the subtraction [tex]\(8 - 2\)[/tex]:
- The first number 8 is called the minuend.
- The second number 2 is called the subtrahend.
- The result [tex]\(8 - 2 = 6\)[/tex] is called the difference.
### Multiplication
The numbers involved in multiplication are referred to as factors.
- Example: In the multiplication [tex]\(4 \times 6\)[/tex]:
- The first number 4 is called the first factor.
- The second number 6 is called the second factor.
- The result [tex]\(4 \times 6 = 24\)[/tex] is called the product.
### Division
The numbers in division are known as the dividend and the divisor.
- Example: In the division [tex]\(10 \div 2\)[/tex]:
- The first number 10 is called the dividend.
- The second number 2 is called the divisor.
- The result [tex]\(10 \div 2 = 5.0\)[/tex] is called the quotient.
To summarize:
- Addition: 5 (addend) + 3 (addend) = 8 (sum)
- Subtraction: 8 (minuend) - 2 (subtrahend) = 6 (difference)
- Multiplication: 4 (factor) × 6 (factor) = 24 (product)
- Division: 10 (dividend) ÷ 2 (divisor) = 5.0 (quotient)
