Answer :
Final answer:
Mutations are permanent alterations in an organism's DNA sequence that can result from various causes. Changes in DNA sequences can affect protein synthesis and lead to altered phenotypes and functions.
Explanation:
Mutation: Definition and Examples
A mutation is a permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of an organism's DNA. It can result from various factors such as errors in replication, mutagens, or viral infections. Mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or have no apparent effect on an organism. Changes in the DNA sequence can impact the amino acid sequence of proteins, leading to altered phenotypes and functions in cells and organisms.
Examples include:
- A substitution mutation where one base is replaced by another
- An insertion mutation adding extra bases into the sequence
- A deletion mutation removing bases from the sequence
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