John Marshall's pivotal role in landmark cases such as Dartmouth College v. Woodward and Marbury v. Madison established judicial review and protected property rights, shaping the federal government's powers.
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) was a crucial case where Chief Justice John Marshall protected the constitutional right of private property by enforcing the sanctity of contracts. This concept paved the way for judicial review, granting the Supreme Court the power to determine the constitutionality of laws enacted by Congress.
In the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803), John Marshall solidified judicial review, ensuring that the judiciary could review and invalidate laws deemed unconstitutional, establishing the Court as a separate and coequal branch of government. Additionally, these decisions, along with McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden, highlighted the federal government's role in supporting economic development and interpreting its powers broadly in relation to the states.
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