Final answer:
Breathing is a two-step process involving the diaphragm. The brain stem regulates breathing to maintain blood pH balance.
Explanation:
How Breathing Occurs
Inhaling is an active process primarily due to the contraction of the diaphragm. When the diaphragm contracts, it causes the thoracic cavity to expand, lowering air pressure in the lungs and allowing air to rush in.
Control of Breathing is regulated by the brain stem, which monitors carbon dioxide levels and adjusts breathing rate accordingly to maintain blood pH balance.
Regular rhythmic contractions of the diaphragm are controlled by the autonomic nervous system, ensuring efficient breathing.
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