Answer:
To understand the mechanism of polymerization of aniline to form polyaniline, it's important to know that the process involves the oxidation of aniline monomers and their subsequent coupling.
The mechanism generally consists of two main steps: initiation and propagation.
During initiation, aniline molecules undergo oxidation, typically using an oxidizing agent such as ammonium persulfate (APS) or iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃). This oxidation step generates radical cations, which are highly reactive species.
In the propagation step, the radical cations react with other aniline molecules, leading to the formation of covalent bonds between them. This process continues, resulting in the growth of the polymer chain.
It's worth noting that the exact details of the polymerization mechanism can vary depending on the specific conditions and additives used in the synthesis process.
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