Answer:
Bertrand Russell identified several causes of unhappiness in his book "The Conquest of Happiness." Some of the main causes he discussed include:
1. Competition and Comparison: Russell believed that constantly comparing ourselves to others and striving to outdo them can lead to unhappiness.
2. Lack of Purpose: Not having a clear sense of purpose or goals in life can contribute to feelings of emptiness and dissatisfaction.
3. Self-Centeredness: Focusing too much on oneself and neglecting the needs and well-being of others can lead to unhappiness.
4. Fear and Worry: Excessive worrying about the future and dwelling on past regrets can prevent us from enjoying the present moment.
5. External Validation: Seeking validation and approval from others instead of finding self-worth within ourselves can lead to unhappiness.
These are just a few of the causes of unhappiness that Russell discussed. He also offered insights and suggestions on how to cultivate happiness and well-being.