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Based on the information in the table, which two elements are most likely in the same group, and why?

\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline \multicolumn{5}{|c|}{ Facts about Four Elements } \\
\hline & \begin{tabular}{l}
Atomic mass \\
(amu)
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{l}
Total \\
electrons
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{l}
Valence \\
electrons
\end{tabular} & Year \\
\hline Bismuth (Bi) & 209 & 83 & 5 & 1753 \\
\hline Nitrogen (N) & 14 & 7 & 5 & 1772 \\
\hline Oxygen (O) & 16 & 8 & 6 & 1772 \\
\hline Sodium (Na) & 23 & 11 & 1 & 1807 \\
\hline Thallium (Tl) & 204 & 81 & 3 & 1861 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

A. Bismuth and Thallium, because their atomic masses are very similar.
B. Nitrogen and Oxygen, because they were both first isolated in the same year.
C. Sodium and Thallium, because their names both end in the same suffix: -ium.
D. Bismuth and Nitrogen, because they have the same number of valence electrons.



Answer :

GinnyAnswer
To determine which two elements are most likely in the same group, we need to look at their properties, particularly the number of valence electrons. Elements in the same group of the periodic table typically have the same number of valence electrons, which dictates their similar chemical properties.

Here's a detailed analysis of the elements based on the given table:

1. Bismuth (Bi)
- Atomic mass: 209 amu
- Total electrons: 83
- Valence electrons: 5

2. Nitrogen (N)
- Atomic mass: 14 amu
- Total electrons: 7
- Valence electrons: 5

3. Oxygen (O)
- Atomic mass: 16 amu
- Total electrons: 8
- Valence electrons: 6

4. Sodium (Na)
- Atomic mass: 23 amu
- Total electrons: 11
- Valence electrons: 1

5. Thallium (Tl)
- Atomic mass: 204 amu
- Total electrons: 81
- Valence electrons: 3

Next, we identify which elements have the same number of valence electrons:
- Bismuth (Bi) has 5 valence electrons.
- Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons.
- Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons.
- Sodium (Na) has 1 valence electron.
- Thallium (Tl) has 3 valence electrons.

From this information, we see that Bismuth (Bi) and Nitrogen (N) both have 5 valence electrons. This suggests that they are in the same group.

Thus, the two elements that are most likely in the same group are Bismuth (Bi) and Nitrogen (N) because they have the same number of valence electrons.

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