In 1885, European leaders at the Berlin Conference agreed to the rules for the Scramble for Africa. Which of the following statements is true regarding the outcomes of this conference?

A. Large wildlife reserves were created throughout Africa.
B. Ethnic groups were able to keep their existing land holdings.
C. The deserts were reduced as a result of European land use practices.
D. Boundary lines were determined by political claims rather than cultural ones.

The subject of the question pertains to the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885, where European leaders agreed on rules to control African territories and divided the continent among themselves. The conference aimed to establish colonial boundaries and influence in Africa, disregarding existing political and ethnic boundaries.

Key outcomes of the Berlin Conference include the reconfiguration of African political boundaries, the dominance of European colonial powers, and the eventual source of civil unrest and separatist movements post-1950s.

European powers controlled around 90% of Africa by the early 20th century through agreements made during the Berlin Conference, shaping the map of Africa significantly.

Learn more about European colonization of Africa here:

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