Exercises

1. Answer the following questions.
1. What are the three layers of the earth?
2. What is a rock?
3. Name three types of rocks.
4. How are extrusive and intrusive rocks formed?
5. What do you mean by a rock cycle?
6. What are the uses of rocks?
7. What are metamorphic rocks?

2. Tick the correct answer.
1. The rock which is made up of molten magma is
(a) Igneous
(b) Sedimentary
2. The innermost layer of the earth is
(a) Crust
(b) Core
(c) Mantle
3. Gold, petroleum, and coal are examples of
(a) Rocks
(b) Minerals
4. Rocks which contain fossils are
(a) Sedimentary rocks
(b) Metamorphic rocks
(c) Igneous rocks
5. The thinnest layer of the earth is
(a) Crust
(b) Mantle
(c) Core

3. Match the following.
1. Core
(a) Earth's surface
(b) Used for roads and buildings
(c) Made of silicon and alumina
(d) Has definite chemical composition
(e) Innermost layer
(f) Changes into slate
(g) Process of transformation of the rock
2. Minerals
3. Rocks
4. Clay
5. Sial

The Earth's interior layers, core, mantle, and crust, are defined by thickness and composition. Different rock types – igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic – are intricately linked to their formation processes.

Explanation:

The thickest interior layer of Earth is the mantle, while the thinnest is the crust. The Earth's core is primarily composed of iron and nickel, while the mantle is mainly made of silicate rocks. Igneous rocks originate from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava, sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks result from the alteration of existing rocks due to heat and pressure.

Learn more about Earth's interior layers and rock types here:

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