Seed plants, known as spermatophytes, include gymnosperms and angiosperms, evolved to disperse offspring effectively, dominating terrestrial environments.
Seed plants, also known as spermatophytes, encompass all seed-bearing plants. These plants include gymnosperms, like conifers, and angiosperms, which are flowering plants.
Seed plants evolved to disperse offspring efficiently in diverse environments, dominating terrestrial niches. Unlike seedless plants like mosses and ferns, seed plants reproduce through the production of seeds enclosed in protective structures.
Vascular plants with seeds solved the challenge of reproduction in arid conditions, leading to their widespread success and diverse adaptations compared to nonvascular plants.
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