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A particular plant has two alleles that control the length of its stem. [tex]\( T \)[/tex] represents the dominant allele that codes for a tall stem, and [tex]\( t \)[/tex] represents the recessive allele that codes for a short stem. Based on the Punnett squares, which two statements are true about the genotype of the plant's stem length?

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
First Generation & [tex]$t$[/tex] & [tex]$t$[/tex] \\
\hline
[tex]$T$[/tex] & [tex]$Tt$[/tex] & [tex]$Tt$[/tex] \\
\hline
[tex]$T$[/tex] & [tex]$Tt$[/tex] & [tex]$Tt$[/tex] \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
Second Generation & [tex]$T$[/tex] & [tex]$t$[/tex] \\
\hline
[tex]$T$[/tex] & [tex]$TT$[/tex] & [tex]$Tt$[/tex] \\
\hline
[tex]$t$[/tex] & [tex]$Tt$[/tex] & [tex]$tt$[/tex] \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

- Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
- (Other correct statement to be selected)



Answer :

GinnyAnswer
Let's analyze the given Punnett squares and the conditions described:

First Generation:
```
| t | t
--------------
T | Tt | Tt
--------------
T | Tt | Tt
--------------
```
Based on the first generation Punnett square:
- All offspring have the genotype Tt.
- This means all plants have one dominant allele (T) and one recessive allele (t).
- Since T (tall stem) is dominant over t (short stem), all plants will have tall stems.

Second Generation:
```
| T | t
--------------
T | TT | Tt
--------------
t | Tt | tt
--------------
```
Based on the second generation Punnett square:
- 1 out of 4 plants has the genotype TT (homozygous dominant, tall stem).
- 2 out of 4 plants have the genotype Tt (heterozygous, tall stem).
- 1 out of 4 plants has the genotype tt (homozygous recessive, short stem).

From these observations, we can deduce the correct statements:

1. Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
- This is true because only plants with the genotype tt (homozygous recessive) have short stems.

2. A plant with the genotype Tt will have a tall stem.
- This is true because T is the dominant allele, and the presence of one T allele (Tt) results in a tall stem.

So, the correct statements based on the Punnett squares are:

- "Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait."
- "A plant with the genotype Tt will have a tall stem."