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Complete the sentences about temperature gradients.

Point A and point B are 50 meters apart. The temperature at point A is 60°C. At point B, it is 55°C. The temperature gradient between the points is ____.

Keeping other conditions constant, if the mantle and the crust were closer to each other, the temperature gradient between the two would be ____.

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Answer :

Sure, let's go through this step-by-step.

1. We know that Point A and Point B are 50 meters apart.
2. The temperature at Point A is 60°C.
3. The temperature at Point B is 55°C.

To find the temperature gradient between the two points, we use the formula for temperature gradient:

[tex]\[ \text{Temperature Gradient} = \frac{\text{Temperature difference between the points}}{\text{Distance between the points}} \][/tex]

4. The temperature difference between Point A and Point B is:
[tex]\[ 60°C - 55°C = 5°C \][/tex]

5. The distance between the points is 50 meters.

6. Dividing the temperature difference by the distance gives the temperature gradient:
[tex]\[ \text{Temperature Gradient} = \frac{5°C}{50 \text{ meters}} = 0.1°C \text{ per meter} \][/tex]

So, the temperature gradient between the points is 0.1°C per meter.

Now, for the second part:

If the mantle and the crust were closer to each other, assuming other conditions remain constant, the temperature gradient between the two would be:

- Larger. Temperature gradients increase when the same change in temperature occurs over a shorter distance. Thus, if the mantle and the crust were closer together, the temperature change per unit distance would be greater.