Sedimentary rock formation involves deposition, compaction, and cementation to transform sediments into solid rock.
Deposition: Sediment particles settle out of the transporting medium (wind, water) due to decreasing energy.
Compaction: Overlying sediments weight presses down, reducing pore spaces and squeezing out water and air.
Cementation: Minerals precipitate from fluids in the pore spaces, binding sediment grains together to form solid rock.
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