Final answer:
Thomas Malthus proposed that human population grows geometrically while food production increases arithmetically, foreseeing potential mass starvation due to this imbalance.
Explanation:
Thomas Malthus, an English economist, developed the theory that human population increases in geometric progression while food production increases in arithmetic progression. He argued that as population grows exponentially (geometrically), food production can only increase at a linear rate (arithmetically), leading to potential mass starvation due to an imbalance between population growth and food supply.
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