Formal sanctions enforce norm violations through positive and negative consequences, with moving to a better state not being a sanction.
Formal sanctions are official ways to enforce norm violations. Positive sanctions like a promotion for hard work and negative sanctions like being yelled at by a boss for being late are examples. However, moving to another state for a better way of life would NOT be considered a sanction because it is a personal choice rather than a consequence for violating norms.
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