Cathode rays are deflected by electric fields, consist of electrons, and are produced under specific conditions.
The effect of an electric field on cathode rays: Cathode rays are deflected towards the positive electrode, indicating they are negatively charged.
Sub-atomic particles in cathode rays: Cathode rays consist of electrons.
Conditions for cathode ray production: Cathode rays are produced under vacuum and when a high voltage is applied across electrodes in a cathode ray tube.
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