Until the middle of the twentieth century, courts followed a/an _____ philosophy toward prison matters.

1. hands-off
2. collective bargaining
3. rights of access
4. inmates' rights



Answer :

Final answer:

Courts followed a 'hands-off' philosophy toward prison matters until changes brought by civil rights movements and court cases.


Explanation:

Until the middle of the twentieth century, courts followed a hands-off philosophy toward prison matters. This approach meant that courts did not interfere much in the management and administration of prisons. However, this changed with the civil rights movements and court cases recognizing prisoners' rights to bring suits against prison conditions.


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