Final answer:
The cultural legacy of the Roman Empire in the Middle Ages was carried forward primarily by the Byzantine Empire and successor kingdoms in Western Europe embraced and preserved elements of Roman culture.
Explanation:
The cultural legacy of the Roman Empire in the Middle Ages was carried forward primarily by the:
b. the Byzantine Empire.
Western Europe saw the establishment of successor kingdoms such as the Visigoths, Ostrogoths, and Franks after the decline of the Western Roman Empire.
The Germanic peoples who ruled these kingdoms maintained and incorporated Roman culture rather than seeking its destruction.
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