Final answer:
Affirmative action policies aim to address past discrimination, with supporters and opponents holding differing views on its efficacy and ethical implications.
Explanation:
Affirmative action policies aim to address past discrimination by providing preferential treatment to certain groups. Supporters argue it promotes justice by leveling the playing field, whereas opponents view it as a form of discrimination based on race. Quotas in affirmative action are controversial because they can run counter to the idea of a merit-based system and may perpetuate stereotypes.
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