Natural selection leads to changes in traits, species evolution, and potential species extinction, driven by advantageous variations in individuals within a population.
Evolution by natural selection arises from individuals within a species varying, some variations being heritable, and organisms having more offspring than resources can support. Individuals with advantageous variations are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on these traits to offspring, leading to genetic change in the population.
Three possible outcomes of natural selection include changes in the traits of individuals, the evolution of a species, and the extinction of a species. Natural selection shapes populations over time based on environmental pressures.
For example, in a scenario where two types of fish eat the same food but one is more efficient at gathering it, the more adept fish will have a competitive edge, demonstrating natural selection.
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