Free radicals can be generated by oxidation reactions, ultraviolet radiation, and contribute to issues related to mutation and aging.
Free radicals are ions with unstable oxygen- or hydrogen-containing molecules that can be generated by various sources, including oxidation reactions and ultraviolet radiation. In chemical reactions, free radicals serve as intermediate stages, and can be produced by ionizing radiation, heat, or other energy sources.
UV-A light is known to create free radicals, causing damage to DNA. These radicals can lead to indirect DNA damage, contributing to issues related to mutation.
Aging is partly attributed to oxidants such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which are produced as by-products of normal metabolism, similar to those produced by radiation, leading to damage of DNA, proteins, and lipids.
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