Completing a Two-Way Table

\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|}
\hline
& Softball & \begin{tabular}{c}
No \\
Softball
\end{tabular} & Total \\
\hline
Swim & [tex]$a$[/tex] & [tex]$b$[/tex] & 22 \\
\hline
Not Swim & [tex]$c$[/tex] & 5 & [tex]$d$[/tex] \\
\hline
Total & 20 & [tex]$e$[/tex] & 32 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

A summer camp has 32 campers. A total of 22 of them swim, 20 play softball, and 5 do not swim or play softball. Which values complete the table?

A. [tex]$a=15, b=10, c=7, d=5, e=12$[/tex]

B. [tex]$a=15, b=7, c=5, d=10, e=12$[/tex]

C. [tex]$a=14, b=7, c=5, d=12, e=10$[/tex]

D. [tex]$a=14, b=12, c=7, d=5, e=10$[/tex]



Answer :

To solve this problem, we need to fill in the missing values in the table based on the given conditions.

Here are the given conditions:
1. The total number of campers is 32.
2. Out of these, 22 campers swim.
3. 20 campers play softball.
4. 5 campers neither swim nor play softball.

Using these values, let's break down the problem step-by-step:

### Step 1: Total number of campers who either swim or play softball or both
Given that there are 5 campers who do neither swim nor play softball, the remaining campers must be accounted for either swimming, playing softball, or both. Therefore:
[tex]\[ \text{Number of campers who either swim, play softball, or both} = 32 - 5 = 27 \][/tex]

### Step 2: Relation between swimming and playing softball
We need to fill in the two-way table such that it satisfies these values:

[tex]\[ \begin{array}{|l|c|c|c|} \hline & \text{Softball} & \begin{tabular}{c} \text{No} \\ \text{Softball} \end{tabular} & \text{Total} \\ \hline \text{Swim} & a & b & 22 \\ \hline \text{Not Swim} & c & 5 & d \\ \hline \text{Total} & 20 & e & 32 \\ \hline \end{array} \][/tex]

### Step 3: Calculate [tex]\(e\)[/tex]
To find [tex]\(e\)[/tex], which is the number of campers who do not play softball:
[tex]\[ e = 32 - 20 = 12 \][/tex]

### Step 4: Fill in [tex]\(d\)[/tex]
To find [tex]\(d\)[/tex], which is the number of campers who do not swim:
[tex]\[ d = b + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15 \][/tex]

### Step 5: Fill in the rest of the table using the logic and given constraints
1. From the total columns for gymnastics
- [tex]\(a + c = 20\)[/tex]
- [tex]\(b + 5 = 12\)[/tex]. So, [tex]\( b = 12 - 5 = 7 \)[/tex].

2. From the rows for swimming
- [tex]\(a + b = 22\)[/tex]. We already determined [tex]\(b = 7\)[/tex], so:
[tex]\[ a = 22 - 7 = 15 \][/tex]

3. Finally calculate - [tex]\(a+c\)[/tex]
- Considering [tex]\(a + c = 20\)[/tex]
Button [tex]\(a\)[/tex], which we have found as 15:
[tex]\( c = 20 - 15 = 5 \)[/tex]

### Completing the Table
We have all the constraints fulfilled as:
[tex]\[ \begin{array}{|l|c|c|c|} \hline & \text{Softball} & \text{No Softball} & \text{Total} \\ \hline \text{Swim} & 15 & 7 & 22 \\ \hline \text{Not Swim} & 5 & 7 & 12 \\ \hline \text{Total} & 20 & \ \ ( 32 - 20) \ = = 12 = & 32 \\ \hline \end{array} \][/tex]

### Answer Based on the above solution, the correct values are:
[tex]\[ a=15, b=7, c=5, d=10, e=12 \][/tex]

These fill the table while satisfying all the constraints.
So the correct option is:

[tex]\[ \boxed{a=15, b=7, c=5, d=10, e=12} \][/tex]