To solve the given problem, we will analyze the specific heat values of different materials from the provided table and answer the questions accordingly.
### 1. Highest Specific Heat
First, we need to find the material with the highest specific heat value. Looking at the values:
- Aluminum: 0.90 J/(g°C)
- Iron: 0.44 J/(g°C)
- Lead: 0.16 J/(g°C)
- Sand: 0.83 J/(g°C)
- Steel: 0.49 J/(g°C)
- Wood: 1.80 J/(g°C)
- Water: 4.18 J/(g°C)
By comparing these values, we see that water has the highest specific heat at 4.18 J/(g°C).
Thus, the material with the highest specific heat is water.
### 2. Lowest Specific Heat
Next, we need to determine the material with the lowest specific heat value from the same list:
- Aluminum: 0.90 J/(g°C)
- Iron: 0.44 J/(g°C)
- Lead: 0.16 J/(g°C)
- Sand: 0.83 J/(g°C)
- Steel: 0.49 J/(g°C)
- Wood: 1.80 J/(g°C)
- Water: 4.18 J/(g°C)
By comparing these values, we see that lead has the lowest specific heat at 0.16 J/(g°C).
Thus, the material with the lowest specific heat is lead.
### 3. Material Absorbing Twice as Much Heat as Aluminum
Finally, we must identify the material that can absorb twice as much heat as aluminum when placed in the same environment of mass and temperature. Aluminum has a specific heat of 0.90 J/(g°C).
Twice this value is:
[tex]\[ 0.90 \times 2 = 1.80 \text{ J/(g°C)} \][/tex]
We look for the material with a specific heat of 1.80 J/(g°C):
- Aluminum: 0.90 J/(g°C)
- Iron: 0.44 J/(g°C)
- Lead: 0.16 J/(g°C)
- Sand: 0.83 J/(g°C)
- Steel: 0.49 J/(g°C)
- Wood: 1.80 J/(g°C)
- Water: 4.18 J/(g°C)
The material with this specific heat value is wood.
### Summary
- The material with the highest specific heat is water.
- The material with the lowest specific heat is lead.
- The material that can absorb twice as much heat as aluminum is wood.
This concludes the step-by-step solution for the given questions.
