This answer explains the concepts of NOT, OR, and XOR gates in digital circuits and their corresponding functionalities with examples.
NOT Gate: An example of a single-input logic gate that outputs the logical opposite of its input. For instance, if the input is 5 V, the output will be 0 V. The Boolean expression for a NOT gate is Y = A.
OR Gate: A digital gate that outputs logic-1 if either or both of its inputs are logic-1. It produces the output Y = A + B (where + represents the OR operation) when dealing with two inputs.
XOR Gate: A gate that gives a signal if the two inputs differ. In the case of a two-input XOR gate, the output Y is true if either input A or input B is true, but not both, with the Boolean expression of Y = A · B + Ā· B.
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