Question 12

25 Points

Who were the humanists, and what did they focus on? How did their interests and their scholarly approaches differ from those of the scholastics?

NOTE: Response must be at least 250 words and in the form of an essay.



Answer :

Final answer:

Humanism in the Renaissance focused on human nature, achievements, and dignity, contrasting scholastics' emphasis on theology. Scholars like Petrarch led the movement towards celebrating humanity and wisdom from classical sources.


Explanation:

Humanism and the Early Renaissance

Humanism, also known as Renaissance Humanism, was an intellectual movement embraced by scholars, writers, and civic leaders in 14th- and early-15th-century Italy. Humanists reacted against the medieval scholastic conventions in education, emphasizing eloquence and civic engagement. They focused on humanities like grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, and philosophy, reviving classical antiquity.

Scholastics like Thomas Aquinas focused on reconciling Christian theology with Greek and Roman philosophy, while humanists concentrated on what it meant to be a 'good' human being, emphasizing human nature, dignity, and accomplishments.

Petrarch, considered the father of humanism, stressed the study of human nature and achievements, moving away from a focus on God. Humanists saw wisdom in the classical worlds of ancient Greece and Rome, portraying humanity's beauty and dignity over its sinful nature.


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