Factual defenses rely on case facts, legal defenses on statutes or common law, while affirmative defenses raise issues beyond crime elements.
Factual defenses are based on the facts of the case, like an alibi defense claiming the defendant was elsewhere. On the other hand, legal defenses rely on statutes or common-law principles, such as claiming the expiration of the statute of limitations. An affirmative defense is raised separately from the crime's elements and often involves justification or excuse, needing to be proven to a certain evidentiary standard.
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