Final answer:
Calcite is the mineral that fizzes when dilute hydrochloric acid is placed on it, while dolomite reacts differently. Geologists use this fizzing reaction to distinguish between calcite and dolomite.
Explanation:
Calcite is the common mineral that fizzes when dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) is placed on it. This fizzing occurs due to the reaction of calcite with the acid, producing bubbles of carbon dioxide gas.
Another mineral, dolomite, does not fizz with HCl unless it is in powdered form, distinguishing it from calcite. This fizzing reaction is a simple test used by geologists to identify calcite-containing rocks.
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