Final answer:
Alleles are variations of genes on chromosomes that determine traits. Dominant alleles mask recessive ones in gene expression.
Explanation:
Alleles are different forms of a gene located at the same position on homologous chromosomes. Each individual inherits two alleles for a specific gene, one from each parent. These alleles can be dominant or recessive, where the dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype when present alongside the recessive allele.
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