The evolution of Galapagos ground finches' beak characteristics due to competition and survival of the fittest is driven by inheritance.
Competition plays a crucial role in the evolution of Galapagos ground finches' beak characteristics. For instance, large-billed finches feed more efficiently on large, hard seeds, while small-billed finches feed better on small, soft seeds. During a drought where small seeds decreased, survival of the fittest favored large-billed birds, leading to a shift towards larger bills due to inheritance of beak size.
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