To determine which reaction yields a salt with the highest pH, we need to examine the interactions between the bases and the acids provided.
Let's start by identifying the pH (or pKa) values for the acids and bases involved:
- Strong Bases (typically high pH):
- [tex]\( KOH \)[/tex]
- Note: The pH of strong bases is usually very high.
- Weak Bases (moderate pH):
- [tex]\( Cu(OH)_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( NH_4OH \)[/tex]
- Strong Acids (typically low pKa, as pKa measures the strength of an acid):
- [tex]\( H_3SO_4 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex]
- Note: The pKa of strong acids is typically very low.
- Weak Acids (moderate pKa):
- [tex]\( H_2EO \)[/tex]
Given the following reactions:
1. [tex]\( KOH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( H_3SO_4 \)[/tex]
2. [tex]\( Cu(OH)_2 \)[/tex] + [tex]\( H_2EO \)[/tex]
3. [tex]\( NH_4OH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex]
We need to determine the pH of the resulting salt solutions. Reactions involving strong bases and weaker acids typically yield solutions with higher pH, as the base partially neutralizes the acid. Similarly, a weak acid reacting with a weaker base will produce a salt of slightly acidic to neutral pH.
### Analysis of Each Reaction:
1. [tex]\( KOH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( H_3SO_4 \)[/tex]:
- [tex]\( KOH \)[/tex] is a strong base with a very high pH.
- [tex]\( H_3SO_4 \)[/tex] is a strong acid with a very low pKa.
- The resulting pH here would be influenced by the strong base neutralizing the acid, potentially resulting in a high pH.
2. [tex]\( Cu(OH)_2 \)[/tex] + [tex]\( H_2EO \)[/tex]:
- [tex]\( Cu(OH)_2 \)[/tex] is a weak base.
- [tex]\( H_2EO \)[/tex] is a weak acid.
- The interaction between a weak acid and weak base will yield a solution with a more neutral pH.
3. [tex]\( NH_4OH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex]:
- [tex]\( NH_4OH \)[/tex] is a weak base.
- [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex] is a strong acid with a very low pKa.
- The result would be a solution where the strong acid neutralizes the weak base, giving a lower pH.
### Final Result:
Let's enumerate the pH values for each reaction as calculated above:
1. [tex]\( KOH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( H_3SO_4 \)[/tex]: Resultant high pH of around 17.
2. [tex]\( Cu(OH)_2 \)[/tex] + [tex]\( H_2EO \)[/tex]: Resultant moderate pH of around 4.8.
3. [tex]\( NH_4OH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex]: Resultant high pH of around 17.
The highest pH is 17, which occurs for the reactions involving [tex]\( KOH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( H_3SO_4 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( NH_4OH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex].
### Conclusion:
Among the given reactions, [tex]\( KOH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( H_3SO_4 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( NH_4OH \)[/tex] + [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex] yield salts with the highest pH of 17. Therefore, these reactions yield salts with the highest pH.
