### Q9. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:

Irrigation has also changed the cropping pattern of many regions with farmers shifting to water-intensive and commercial crops. This has great ecological consequences like salinization of soil. At the same time, it has transformed the social landscape, e.g., increasing the social gap between richer landowners and the landless poor. As a result, dams did create conflicts between people wanting different uses and benefits from the same water resources. In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were agitated and almost caused a riot over the higher priority given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts. Inter-state water disputes were also becoming common with regard to sharing the costs and benefits of multi-purpose projects.

1. How did cropping patterns change due to irrigation?
2. Analyze the statement: "Dams created conflict between people."
3. What are the consequences of irrigation on soil and the social landscape?

### Q10. Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.

### Q11. Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.