18. Which of the following refers to the distribution of essential commodities at the least cost to poor people?

A. Public Distribution System (PDS)
B. Life Expectancy
C. Human Development Index (HDI)
D. Body Mass Index (BMI)

19. Which of the following organizations publishes the Human Development Index?

A. WHO
B. UNDP
C. UNICEF
D. UNER



Answer :

Final answer:

The Public Distribution System aids in distributing essential commodities to the poor at a low cost. The Human Development Index is published by UNDP to measure development based on various indicators. HDI offers a holistic view of countries' development levels.


Explanation:

Public Distribution System (PDS) refers to the distribution of essential commodities at least cost to the poor people. It aims to provide necessary items like food grains, sugar, kerosene, etc., to those in need at subsidized rates.

The Human Development Index (HDI) is published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and measures development based on life expectancy, education, and income indicators.

The HDI is a crucial tool that allows for a comprehensive comparison of countries' development levels beyond just economic factors.


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