Final answer:
The first four homologues of carboxylic acids are mentioned, along with a description of how ethanoic acid can be prepared in the laboratory.
Explanation:
Homologues of carboxylic acids: The first four homologues of carboxylic acids are formic acid, acetic acid (ethanoic acid), propionic acid, and butyric acid.
Preparation of ethanoic acid: Ethanoic acid (acetic acid) can be prepared in the laboratory by the oxidation of ethanol using oxidizing agents such as potassium dichromate or by the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria.
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