Answer :
### Solution:
To prepare the Trading and Profit & Loss Account and Balance Sheet, we need to incorporate all the given information and adjustments step-by-step.
#### 1. Adjustments and Calculations:
1. Stock on 31.3.10:
- Value of stock on 31.3.10: ₹27,300
2. Fire Loss and Insurance Claim:
- General goods destroyed by fire: ₹10,000
- Insurance claim received: ₹6,000
- Loss due to fire = Goods destroyed by fire - Insurance claim received = ₹10,000 - ₹6,000 = ₹4,000
3. Bad Debt Adjustments:
- Bad debt to be written off: ₹400
- Provision for bad and doubtful debts at 5% of ₹400: 5% of ₹400 = ₹20
- Provision for discount on debtors at 2% of ₹400: 2% of ₹400 = ₹8
- Provision for discount on creditors at 2% of ₹400: 2% of ₹400 = ₹8
4. Unrecorded Purchase:
- Goods received unrecorded purchase on 27.3.10: ₹6,000
5. Goods for Personal Use:
- Goods taken away for personal use: ₹2,000
6. Depreciation:
- Land and Building:
- Depreciation at 2% on ₹100,000 (assumed value): 2% of ₹100,000 = ₹2,000
- Plant and Machinery:
- Depreciation at 20% on ₹50,000 (assumed value): 20% of ₹50,000 = ₹10,000
- Furniture:
- Depreciation at 5% on ₹20,000 (assumed value): 5% of ₹20,000 = ₹1,000
- Total Depreciation:
- Total = ₹2,000 (Land and Building) + ₹10,000 (Plant and Machinery) + ₹1,000 (Furniture) = ₹13,000
#### 2. Trading and Profit & Loss Account for the year ended 31.3.10:
Trading Account:
To calculate the Gross Profit:
```
| Particulars | Amount (₹) | Particulars | Amount (₹) |
|---------------------------------------|------------|---------------------------------------|------------|
| To Opening Stock | XXX | By Sales | XXX |
| To Purchases | XXX | By Closing Stock | 27,300 |
| Add: Unrecorded Purchase | 6,000 | | |
| Less: Goods taken for personal use | (2,000) | | |
| Less: Goods destroyed by fire | (10,000) | | |
| To Gross Profit c/d | XXX | | |
| | | | |
```
Profit & Loss Account:
```
| Particulars | Amount (₹) | Particulars | Amount (₹) |
|---------------------------------------|------------|---------------------------------------|------------|
| To Gross Profit b/d | XXX | By Gross Profit b/d | XXX |
| To Depreciation: | | | |
| Land and Building | 2,000 | | |
| Plant and Machinery | 10,000 | | |
| Furniture | 1,000 | | |
| To Bad Debt | 400 | | |
| To Provision for Bad Debt | 20 | | |
| To Provision for Discount (Debtors) | 8 | | |
| To Loss due to fire | 4,000 | | |
| To Net Profit c/d | XXX | | |
| | | | |
```
#### 3. Balance Sheet as on 31.3.10:
Liabilities:
```
| Particulars | Amount (₹) |
|---------------------------------------|------------|
| Capital | XXX |
| Add: Net Profit | XXX |
| Less: Drawings | 2,000 |
| Provision for Bad Debt | 20 |
| Provision for Discount on Creditors | 8 |
```
Assets:
```
| Particulars | Amount (₹) |
|---------------------------------------|------------|
| Land and Building (after depreciation)| XXX |
| Plant and Machinery (after depreciation)| XXX |
| Furniture (after depreciation) | XXX |
| Closing Stock | 27,300 |
| Debtors (net of bad debt and provisions)| XXX |
| Insurance Claim Receivable | 6,000 |
| Goods received unrecorded | 6,000 |
```
Overall, we would prepare the Trading and Profit & Loss Account and Balance Sheet by including all these adjustments and calculations as demonstrated above.
To prepare the Trading and Profit & Loss Account and Balance Sheet, we need to incorporate all the given information and adjustments step-by-step.
#### 1. Adjustments and Calculations:
1. Stock on 31.3.10:
- Value of stock on 31.3.10: ₹27,300
2. Fire Loss and Insurance Claim:
- General goods destroyed by fire: ₹10,000
- Insurance claim received: ₹6,000
- Loss due to fire = Goods destroyed by fire - Insurance claim received = ₹10,000 - ₹6,000 = ₹4,000
3. Bad Debt Adjustments:
- Bad debt to be written off: ₹400
- Provision for bad and doubtful debts at 5% of ₹400: 5% of ₹400 = ₹20
- Provision for discount on debtors at 2% of ₹400: 2% of ₹400 = ₹8
- Provision for discount on creditors at 2% of ₹400: 2% of ₹400 = ₹8
4. Unrecorded Purchase:
- Goods received unrecorded purchase on 27.3.10: ₹6,000
5. Goods for Personal Use:
- Goods taken away for personal use: ₹2,000
6. Depreciation:
- Land and Building:
- Depreciation at 2% on ₹100,000 (assumed value): 2% of ₹100,000 = ₹2,000
- Plant and Machinery:
- Depreciation at 20% on ₹50,000 (assumed value): 20% of ₹50,000 = ₹10,000
- Furniture:
- Depreciation at 5% on ₹20,000 (assumed value): 5% of ₹20,000 = ₹1,000
- Total Depreciation:
- Total = ₹2,000 (Land and Building) + ₹10,000 (Plant and Machinery) + ₹1,000 (Furniture) = ₹13,000
#### 2. Trading and Profit & Loss Account for the year ended 31.3.10:
Trading Account:
To calculate the Gross Profit:
```
| Particulars | Amount (₹) | Particulars | Amount (₹) |
|---------------------------------------|------------|---------------------------------------|------------|
| To Opening Stock | XXX | By Sales | XXX |
| To Purchases | XXX | By Closing Stock | 27,300 |
| Add: Unrecorded Purchase | 6,000 | | |
| Less: Goods taken for personal use | (2,000) | | |
| Less: Goods destroyed by fire | (10,000) | | |
| To Gross Profit c/d | XXX | | |
| | | | |
```
Profit & Loss Account:
```
| Particulars | Amount (₹) | Particulars | Amount (₹) |
|---------------------------------------|------------|---------------------------------------|------------|
| To Gross Profit b/d | XXX | By Gross Profit b/d | XXX |
| To Depreciation: | | | |
| Land and Building | 2,000 | | |
| Plant and Machinery | 10,000 | | |
| Furniture | 1,000 | | |
| To Bad Debt | 400 | | |
| To Provision for Bad Debt | 20 | | |
| To Provision for Discount (Debtors) | 8 | | |
| To Loss due to fire | 4,000 | | |
| To Net Profit c/d | XXX | | |
| | | | |
```
#### 3. Balance Sheet as on 31.3.10:
Liabilities:
```
| Particulars | Amount (₹) |
|---------------------------------------|------------|
| Capital | XXX |
| Add: Net Profit | XXX |
| Less: Drawings | 2,000 |
| Provision for Bad Debt | 20 |
| Provision for Discount on Creditors | 8 |
```
Assets:
```
| Particulars | Amount (₹) |
|---------------------------------------|------------|
| Land and Building (after depreciation)| XXX |
| Plant and Machinery (after depreciation)| XXX |
| Furniture (after depreciation) | XXX |
| Closing Stock | 27,300 |
| Debtors (net of bad debt and provisions)| XXX |
| Insurance Claim Receivable | 6,000 |
| Goods received unrecorded | 6,000 |
```
Overall, we would prepare the Trading and Profit & Loss Account and Balance Sheet by including all these adjustments and calculations as demonstrated above.