Final answer:
In-group favoritism and out-group homogeneity effect are biases influencing how individuals perceive and judge in-group and out-group members in social contexts.
Explanation:
In-group favoritism, also known as in-group bias, is the tendency to judge the behavior of members of one's group more favorably than those outside the group. This bias can lead to preferential treatment and positive perceptions towards in-group members.
The out-group homogeneity effect refers to perceiving members of an out-group as more similar to each other than to members of one's in-group. This can result in stereotyping and generalizations about out-group members.
Individuals may exhibit out-group homogeneity by viewing out-group members as less diverse or unique compared to in-group members, contributing to biased perceptions and interpretations of others.
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