To approach the given question, we need to match the type of bacteria with its shape and associated disease. Let's go through each type of bacteria provided in the table and follow the given clues:
1. Coccus: According to the table, Coccus bacteria are in the form of [tex]$X$[/tex] and are associated with strep throat.
- Coccus bacteria are typically spherical in shape. This is a well-known fact in microbiology.
2. Bacillus: According to the table, Bacillus bacteria are rod-shaped and are associated with disease [tex]$Y$[/tex].
- Bacillus bacteria include well-known rod-shaped bacteria like E. coli. E. coli is a common bacterium that is rod-shaped.
3. Spirillum: According to the table, Spirillum bacteria have a spiral shape and are associated with cholera.
- This confirms the known characteristic that Spirillum bacteria are spiral in shape.
To determine the best match for [tex]$X$[/tex] and [tex]$Y$[/tex]:
- For [tex]$X$[/tex], we should choose the description that best fits the shape of Coccus bacteria. Among the given options, "Spherical" is the correct shape for Coccus bacteria.
- For [tex]$Y$[/tex], we should choose the bacteria associated with a rod-like shape characteristic of Bacillus. Among the given options, "E. coli" is a bacteria known to be rod-shaped.
Therefore, the best options for [tex]$X$[/tex] and [tex]$Y$[/tex] are:
- [tex]\( X = \text{Spherical} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( Y = \text{E. coli} \)[/tex]
Thus, the correct answer is:
[tex]\[ X = \text{Spherical}; \, Y = \text{E. coli} \][/tex]
