To determine which substances will solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex], we need to look at their freezing points. A substance will solidify if it is cooled below its freezing point.
Here are the provided freezing points from the table:
- Benzene: [tex]\(5.50^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]
- Water: [tex]\(0.00^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]
- Butane: [tex]\(-138^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]
- Nitrogen: [tex]\(-210^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]
Now, let's analyze each substance to see if it will solidify before reaching [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]:
1. Benzene: It has a freezing point of [tex]\(5.50^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]. Since [tex]\(5.50^\circ \text{C} > 0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex], benzene will solidify before reaching [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex].
2. Water: It has a freezing point of [tex]\(0.00^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]. Since it is exactly [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex], water will not solidify before reaching [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex], but exactly at [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex].
3. Butane: It has a freezing point of [tex]\(-138^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]. Since [tex]\(-138^\circ \text{C} < 0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex], butane will solidify before reaching [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex].
4. Nitrogen: It has a freezing point of [tex]\(-210^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex]. Since [tex]\(-210^\circ \text{C} < 0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex], nitrogen will solidify before reaching [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex].
After analyzing the freezing points, we can conclude that butane and nitrogen are the substances that will solidify before the temperature reaches [tex]\(0^\circ \text{C}\)[/tex].
