The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems both have short preganglionic neurons and long postganglionic neurons and play opposing roles in physiological responses.
Both systems have short preganglionic neurons and long postganglionic neurons. The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems share this common anatomical feature. The parasympathetic system is involved in the "rest and digest" response while the sympathetic system activates the "fight or flight" response.
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