The key difference lies in the fate of the tissues: articular cartilage remains at joint surfaces, while the epiphyseal plate ossifies as bone.
One key difference between articular cartilage and the epiphyseal plate is that while articular cartilage remains at joint surfaces, the epiphyseal plate ultimately ossifies to become bone tissue, ceasing its role in bone growth.
Articular cartilage is the remaining cartilage at joint surfaces even after bone development is complete, providing smooth movement between bones. On the other hand, the epiphyseal plate is a layer of hyaline cartilage in long bones that actively contributes to the longitudinal growth of bones by ossifying over time.
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