Species richness is highest near the equator due to more resources available for growth and reproduction, particularly in warm tropical environments.
According to the ecological concept of the latitudinal gradient of species richness, the most number of species are likely to be found near the equator. This pattern is observed across various taxonomic groups where biodiversity increases as latitude declines due to reasons such as more resources for growth and reproduction in warm tropical environments compared to colder temperate ecosystems.
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