Copper tetraammine sulfate is a complex salt formed when copper sulfate reacts with excess ammonia. The blue color of the complex arises from crystal field theory and coordination bonds between transition metals and ligands.
Copper tetraammine sulfate is the complex salt formed by the reaction of copper sulfate solution with excess ammonia. A complex salt is an ionic compound consisting of metal ions and complex ions, where the complex ion is composed of a central metal ion bound to ligands. In crystal field theory, the blue color of the [Cu(H2O)6]2+ complex arises from the splitting of d orbitals under the influence of ligands.
Anhydrous copper sulphate appears white because it lacks water molecules, which are responsible for the blue color in its hydrated forms. Transition metals like copper can form complexes with ligands, such as ammonia, where coordination bonds are formed between the metal ion and the ligands through coordinate covalent bonds.
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